Microgrid Protection through Adaptive Overcurrent Relay Coordination

The inclusion of distributed energy resources (DER) in Microgrids (MGs) comes at the expense increased changes current direction and magnitude. In autonomous mode MG operation, penetration synchronous generators (DGs) induces lower short circuit than when operates grid-connected mode. Such behavior impacts overcurrent relays makes protection coordination difficult. This paper introduces a novel adaptive system that includes two phases to handle influence fault variations enable sustain its operation. first phase optimizes power flow by minimizing generators’ active loss while considering tolerable disturbances. For intolerable cases, second opts contain effect disturbance within specific area, whose boundary is determined through correlation between primary/backup relay pairs. A directional (DOCR) optimization formulated as nonlinear program for operating time contained area. Validation carried out simulation IEEE 9, 14, 15 bus systems an MG. results demonstrate effectiveness our proposed superiority competing approach literature.